Car ventilation.



Paten ted Dec. I8, I900.

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W. E. ANDREW.

. 'G'AF 'VEN TILATION.

(Application filed Apr. 18, 1900.

No, 664,!43. I

(No Model.)

W1 T/VESSES- Patented Dec. as, 1900.

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W E ANDREW CAR VENTILATION.

(No Mode.) (Application filed Apr 16,

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No. 664,!!3. Patented Dec. l8, I900.

-w. E. ANDREW.

CAR VENTILATION.

(Application filed Apr. 16, 1900. (N0 Model.) 3 Sheeis$ha0t 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

WILLIAM E. ANDREW, OF ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY.

CAR VENTILATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0'. 664,113, dated December 18, 1900.

Application filed April 16, 1900.

To all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. ANDREW, a citizen of the United States, residing at Atlantic Highlands, in the county of Monmouth and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car Ventilation; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The object is in a ready and certain manner to eflect thorough ventilation of a railwaycar and its compartments and to remove foul air and smoke from any point within the car without creating a draft therein.

With this object in view the invention consists generally in utilizing a direct and an induced draft to remove foul air and smoke from a car.

The invention consists specifically in the novel construction and combination of parts of apparatus for accomplishing this result.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, I have illustrated two forms of embodiment of my invention, it being understood that other forms of embodiment thereof may be employed without departing from the spirit of the same.

In the drawings, Figure l is aview inperspective, showing one form of ventilating apparatus. Fig. 2 is a View in plan, partly in section, on an enlarged scale, of the device shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a View in transverse section, taken through the upper portion of a car-roof, showing the ventilating apparatus in position and connected with the clear-story and in addition a connection between the ventilating apparatus and the range or broiler of the kitchen of a car. Figs. t and 5 are detail perspective views of different parts of the apparatus. Fig. 6 is a view in horizontal section,showing a modified form of apparatus; and Fig. 7 is a View in transverse section,taken on the line 7 7, Fig. 6,showing in full lines the internalarrangement of certain parts displayed in section in Fig. 6.

, Referring to the drawings and to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 thereof, A designates an open-work face plate which may be situated at any Serial No. 13,098. (No model.)

proper place in a car, in this instance on the side of the dome or clear-story, above the deck, the face-plate being by preference rectangular in shape and formed with any de= sired number of square or other shaped openings, the plate to occupy the space usually filled by an ordinary window-ventilator, such as is in common use on cars, and back of this plate and contiguous thereto are any desired number of flaps or register-plates a, the same being adapted to be opened and closed by a handle or knob (1*, such as is usually employed in ordinary registers.

Arranged back of the plate A and on the exterior ofthe car-deck is a casing B, constituting a draft-flue, the same being by preference secured to the car on each side of the plate-opening, as at b. The casing B, as shown in Fig. 3, is-generally formed with two straight sides arranged parallel with each other and with an outward-curved side; but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to this precise configuration ofthe casing, as it may be in other shapes than that shown. The ends of the casing are by preference flared outward, as shown at (2 the flare in this instance being shown as straight; but, if preferred, it may be bell-mouthed. The space between the face-plate A back to the line of the inner side of the casing B constitutes a vacuum-chamber A that is to say, a space which when the car is running is eX-. hausted of air with such rapidity as to cause therein a partial vacuum, and this vacuum by reflex action operates to exhaust the air from the car or other space to be ventilated, as will be apparent.

Supported within the draft-flue B in any suitable manner is a flue G, constituting an induced-draft flue, the same being of less length than the flue B and preferably of the same diameter throughout its entire length and being circular in cross-section, thus to leave adequate space between the walls of the casing B for the passage of air. The spiders b support another flue D,constituting a forced-draft flue, the same being by preference also of the same diameter throughout its entire length of less length than the flue O and having its ends flared, as at d, and bridging the vacuum-chamber. The spiders b are provided with bearings, in which work rods 6, having secured to their ends funnels E,constituting draft-directors, the connection between the funnels and the rods to be of any preferred style, one manner of securing these parts together being shown in Fig. 2, wherein the ends of the rods 6 are provided with castings or bosses e riveted or otherwise secured to the funnels. The hearings in the spiders in which the rods work may be ordinary openings, as shown in Fig. 3, and, asv shown in Figs. 2 and 4, rollers 6 may be provided within the rod-openings of the spiders, whereby to reduce friction between the rods and the spiders, and thus, as will appear later on, to render the device automatically operating.

To the inner rod or that nearest to the vacuum-chamber is secured a yoke 6 which is held in position on the rod by collars c although it is to be understood that other forms of fastening devices may be employed for this purpose, whereby to permit the yoke to be moved in the arc of a circle, and this yoke carries a stem or shank e, which extends ontward through an opening a in the face-plate and carries a knob 6 by which lateral movement of the rods, and with them the funnels E, may be effected. The shank a may, as shown in Fig. 5, be provided with a roller 6 whereby to reduce friction between the walls of the opening a and the shank, thus still further to facilitate movement of the parts. As will be seen by reference to Fig. 2, the position of the knob with relation to the slot will indicate the position of the parts of the device-that is to say, which end of the apparatus is working to exhaustair from the car.

In the device shown in Fig. 3 I have exhibited means by which at one and the same time ventilation of the car may be effected and also of the kitchen of buffet-cars. To effect this, the smoke-pipeffrom the range or broiler F is tapped into the induced-draft flue, and a tubular extension 9 from the hood G, covering the range or broiler, is likewise tapped into this flue, the extension being of sufiiciently greater diameter than the pipef to afiord space to draw up into the flue, and thus out into the open air, any fumes or smoke which may arise from the use of the range or broiler. From the fact that the draft will be in one direction always-that is, in the direction opposite to the movement of the car-there can be no counter-draft while the car is in motion, and there will thus be no possible danger of any smoke or fumes from the kitchen being driven into the body of the car, so that the foul air from the top of the car and the smoke, &c., from the kitchen may at the same time readily be withdrawn and driven into the outer air through the same apparatus. It is to be understood, how

ever, that I do not limit this last embodiment of my invention to the employment of a ventilatingapparatus to remove at once the fumes and smoke arising from the kitchen and the foul air from the car, as the ventilatingapparatus may communicate and cooperate with the range or broiler alone through the deck of the car, to efiect which it willonly be necessary to dispense with the face-plate A and with the register-flaps a and to have a solid panel to take the place of the face-plate.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I exhibit a slightly-modified form of apparatus in which provision is made for connecting up in series the ventilators on one side of a car and for operating the draft-directors for the whole series from one point, this form of ventilator being particularly well adapted for use in smokingcars, while that form shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is more particularly adapted for use in sleep ing and dining cars, and in connection with the form of apparatus shown in these latter figures it may be stated that while each ventilator is shown as independent ofand disconnected from any other ventilator in the series these ventilators may be connected up in series in the same or in a similar manner to that shown in Figs. 6 and 7. A series of the funnels E is connected up by rods (5 or by any other suitable means, and a rod 6 connecting with the funnel at the end of the car, will have its free end attached to a lever H, pivoted intermediate of its ends at any suitable point in the car andhaving its free end adapted to traverse a rack-plate h, a spring-catch 7L2 being provided on the lever to engage with the teeth of the rack-plate to hold the tunnels at the desired adjustment. As a means for indicating which one of the funnels is closed and which one open the ends of the rack-plate terminate in arrowheads, so that if the handle of the leverappears near the right-hand arrow-head it will indicate that the right-hand fnnnel'ot' the apparatus is closed, and vice versa. By the manner of supporting the tunnels in the flue it will be seen that the whole series on one side of the car may be operated from a single lever.

To prevent entrance of water-such as rainwate r,water prod need by the melting of snow, and the likeinto the vacuum -chamher, I may provide the inner wall of the induceddraft flue with a ledge or flange c, which will check entrance of such water, and in order that the induced-draft flue may shed any water thus entering its inner wall from this ledge or from the discharge-mouth of the vacuum-chamber may diverge, it being understood that, if desired, the like wall of the induced-draft flue (shown in Fig. 2) may diverge and may also be provided with a ledge, as shown.

I have found by experiments that the employment of the draft-flue B (shown in Fig. 2) is not essential to the proper operation of the device under some conditions, as this may be omitted and merely the induced-draft flue C and the forced-draft line D be employed,

as shown in Fig. 6.

The operation of the device is as follows: It the car be drawn in the direction of the large arrow shown in Fig] 2, the funnel or draft-director at the right-hand side of the device will be closed, and the air being compressed bythe converging walls of the funnel will be projected with great force through the fiue D, thereby generating a forced draft the power of which will be sufficient to drive the air through the flue D and on out through the opposite end beyond the end of the flue 0, thereby preventing any back draft, which would tend to draw impurities into the car, it being understood that the slides or draftregulators a are to be open. This forced draft sets up an induced draft in the flue O,which latter draft will also be augmented by the passage of air through the flue B, (shown in Fig. 2,) so that foul air will be drawn out of the car in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 2 and 6, and so on without one of the funnels E. In some instances it may be desired to reduce the force of exhaust, as in cold weather, when too much external air drawn into the car would be objectionable, and to effect this result it will simply be necessary to close or partially close the slats of the register.

It will be observed from the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 6 that when one of the draft-directors is moved to direct air through one end of the forced-draft flue D such funnel will also close the same end of the induced-draft flue 0, so that passage of air through this fine will be prevented, thus causing a draft of air through the apparatus only in a direction opposite that in Which the car is moving, thereby setting up a partial vacuum in the chamber A and effecting withdrawal from the car of any foul odors, gases, &c.

If automatic operation of the device be desired, the yoke and knob 6 may be dispensed with and the roller-bearings a Fig. 4, employed, thereby reducing friction to the movement of the rods 6 and rendering the funnels responsive to the slightest pressure of external air, which pressure will cause the funnel mouthing toward the direction in which the car is moving to contact with the ends of the forced and induced draft flues, in which position the parts will operate to exhaust foul air from the car.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

l. The combination with a railway-car, of a ventilator comprising a vacuum-chamber, a suction or induced-draft flue, a forced-draft flue contained within the induced-draft flue, and bridging the discharge-mouth of the vacuum-chamber, movable funnels, constituting draft-directors, arranged contiguous to the ends of the induced-draft flue, and means for operating the funnels in unison, substantially as described.

2. A ventilating apparatus comprising a vacuum-chamber, a suction or induced-draft fine, the dischargemouth of the vacuumchamber extending beyond the inner wall of the induced-draft flue to form a ledge to prevent entrance of water to and within the vacuu m-chamber,a forced-draft flue housed within the induced-draft flue and bridging the discharge-mouth of the vacuum-chamber, and movable funnels for directing a current of air through-the forced-draft flue and to prevent passage of external air through the induced-draft flue, substantially as described;

3. A ventilating apparatus comprising a vacuum-chamber, a suction or ind need-draft flue, the dischargemouth of the vacuumchamber extending beyond the inner wall of the induced-draft flue, to form a ledge to prevent entrance of water to and within the vacuuin-chamber and the inner wall of theinduceddraft flue diverging from the discharge-mouth of the vacuum-chamber, thereby to shed any water that might enter the induced-draft flue, a forced-draft flue contained within the induced-draft flue and bridging the dischargemouth of the vacuum-chamber, the ends of the forced-draft flue being flared, and movable funnels for directing a current of air through the forced-draft flue and to prevent passage of external air through the induceddraft flue, substantially as described.

4. A Ventilating apparatus comprising a vacuum-chamber in communication with the interior of the car, a cylindrical induced-draft flue, funnels mounted for movement to and from the said flue, rods or bars connecting the funnels, means for supporting the rods or bars within the induced-draft flue, and a forced-draft flue within the induced-draf t fl ue with which the funnels coact, substantially as described.

5. A ventilating apparatus comprising a cylindrical induced-draft flue, a vacuumchamber, a forced-draft flue, extending at each end beyond the vacuum-chamber, a funnel mounted for movement to and from each end of the induced-draft flue, rods or bars connecting the funnels, eyes or runners secured within the induced-draft flue, through which the rods or bars pass, and mechanism operating simultaneously a series of these funnels to move the same and thereby to open or close the respective ends of the induceddraft flue, substantially as described.

6. In combination with a railway-car, a ventilating device comprising a vacuum-chamher, an induced-draft flue and a forced-draft flue, a funnel carried by rods at each end of the flues, the rods being movable in suitable bearings, the small end of each funnel being designed to direct a current of air through the forced-draft flue, and the large end of the funnel to close the corresponding end of the induced-draft flue, substantially as described.

constituting draft-directors, arranged con- I small end of each funnel being designed to tiguous to the induced-draft flue, means for operating the funnels in unison, and pipe connections through the deck and into the car, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a railway-car, of a ventilating device comprisinga vacuumchamber, an induced-draft flue and a forceddraft flue, a funnel carried by rods at each end of the fines, the rods being movable in bearings provided with friction-rollers, the

direct a current of air through the forceddraft flue, and the large end of the funnel to close the corresponding end of the induceddraft flue, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses;

WILLIAM E. ANDREW; Witnesses:

JAMES P. HOPPING, GEORGE E. JENKINSON; V 

